But Is
Home Birth Really Safe?
There are two main reasons
that people assume a hospital is the safest place to give birth:
the presence of medical doctors and technology. A backup plan
is a must in a home birth for an emergency situation, but for women
who are low risk, research supports certified midwife attended home
birth as a safe alternative to hospital birth.
While doctors may have more
extensive formal obstetric education, certified midwives undergo rigorous
training to become experts in the practical aspects of labor and birth.
In a busy hospital setting, doctors may only be present for the final
stage of labor as the mother begins to push. Nurses primarily
monitor labor, often caring for several women at one time. Midwives
are familiar with the entirety of labor and delivery and give one-on-one
care throughout. Nurses and doctors often rely on elective medical
interventions such as electronic fetal monitoring, labor induction,
and episiotomy which can result in adverse outcomes even in low-risk
women. Midwives use safer alternative methods such as intermittent
listening and perineal massage which would be difficult or impossible
for busy doctors and nurses in a hospital.
In these days of iPhones and
wireless everything, we tend to trust technology above all else—perhaps
to a fault. The United States may be one of the most technologically
advanced countries in the world but in 2003, thirty-one countries had
lower infant mortality rates. The countries with the lowest mortality
rates were those where midwifery is an integral part of obstetric care
and where births more commonly take place outside of a hospital.
According to the National Center for Health Statistics, the U.S. infant
mortality rate drops from 6.3 deaths per 1,000 live births to 2.1 deaths
per 1,000 live births in midwife-attended birth. I take all statistics
with a grain of salt because there can be so many contributing factors,
but these numbers still give pause.
This barely scratches the surface,
but hopefully provides some basic support for the safety of home birth.
If you want to read more on this topic, please dig deeper! There
are a ton of great books out there, including Gentle Birth Choices
by Barbara Harper, which supplied the research for this post.